ESTUDIOS MIGRATORIOS, 2000, No. 9
Immigrant itineraries. Elements for a comparative history of the development of the European collectives in Argentina during the period of massive migrations (Luján, Buenos Aires, 1880-1930) [Itinerarios inmigrantes. Elementos para unha historia comparada da traxectoria das colectividades europeas en Arxentina durante a etapa das migracións masivas (Luján, Buenos Aires, 1880-1930)].
The article will encompass the comparative study of the development of collectives with a European majority established in the district of Luján (Buenos Aires, Argentina) during the period of massive migrations, using the generic evocation of a series of personal circumstances. The main purpose of this study is to be able to detect the differences and points of contact which are observed among these groups, and also the tensions among national, regional and local identities which are found inside each one of them, with the aim, where possible, of establishing general hypotheses in other fields.
(ARGENTINA, CITIES, HISTORICAL DEMOGRAPHY, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, IMMIGRATION, IMMIGRANTS, CULTURAL CONTACTS, INDIVIDUAL MIGRATION, SOCIAL GROUPS).
Spanish - pp. 9-32.
D. Norberto Marquiegui, Universidade Nacional de Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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The homeland far from home. Emigration, politics and national identity of the Spanish in Argentina (ca. 1880-ca. 1914) [A patria lonxe da casa. Emigración política e identidade nacional dos españois en Arxentina (ca. 1880-ca. 1914)].
The Spanish groups in Argentina lived a strong process of politicisation from the middle of the last decade of the 19th century. Old and new spaces of sociability and journalistic organs opted for converting identity and patriotism into a base for a hitherto unheard of political activity. In Buenos Aires or in Rosario there are few doubts about the parallel interactive birth of the diverse Hispanic nationalisms - the Spanish, the Catalonian, the Basque or the Galician - and of their relations with Argentina.
(ARGENTINA, SPAIN, CITIES, HISTORICAL DEMOGRAPHY, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, IMMIGRANTS, MIGRANT ASSIMILATION, POLITICS).
Spanish - pp. 33-59.
Á. Duarte i Montserrat, Catedrático de Historia Contemporánea, Univerdidade de Xirona, Spain.
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Rejected immigrants. Anti-semitism in Uruguay (1930-1940) [Inmigrantes de rexeitamento. O antisemitismo en Uruguai (1930-1940)].
This work analyses a significant moment in the history of Judaism in Uruguay: the years between the approval of a law to restrict immigration in 1932 and the first months of 1939, when the government of Alfredo Baldomir prevented the landing of groups of fugitive Jews from Europe. In this period Jewish immigrants were regarded with great interest by society, becoming the centre of a debate which involved the whole country, from the government and churches to the trade union associations, businessmen or immigrants and the armed forces. Anti-Semitism was expressed in particularly intense press campaigns, basically in some newspapers of the Catholic area and of the conservative sectors of "Blanco" and "Colorado" parties. Even though it was a limited minority phenomenon, it produced political effects including the elaboration of laws and decrees restricting immigration.
(URUGUAY, GERMANY, JEWS, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, IMMIGRANTS, REFUGEES, FORCED MIGRATION, IMMIGRATION POLICY, DISCRIMINATION).
Spanish - pp. 61-90.
C. Aldrighi, Facultade de Humanidades e Ciencias da Educación e en Ciencias da Comunicación, Universidade da República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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The path towards an unknown refuge. Jewish Germans in Uruguay, 1933-1942 [Camiño cara a un refuxio descoñecido. Xudeus alemáns en Uruguay, 1933-1942].
Between the years 1933 and 1942, Uruguay became the refuge for nearly six thousand German speaking Jews, the majority of them came from the middle and upper classes in the societies or origin and on arriving in Uruguay, a practically unknown country for them, they had to adapt to a new environment, another language, to the jobs which they had never imagined they would have to do and the belief that they would never return to their old homeland. Because of all of this, the emigration process, as experienced by these refugees, was more traumatic than that of rest of the immigrants. To be able to bear it, in the best way possible, they tried to create a very dynamic community life through which they maintained the German culture of the times of the "Weimar Republic" alive. In spite of all the obstacles they had to overcome they managed to adapt to the new environment and slowly become integrated in the Uruguayan society.
(URUGUAY, GERMANY, JEWS, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, IMMIGRANTS, REFUGEES, FORCED MIGRATION, WAR, MIGRATION DETERMINANTS, MIGRANT ASSIMILATION, INTEGRATION).
Spanish - pp. 91-112.
S. Facal Santiago, Consello da Cultura Galega, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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PEREIRA BUENO, Fernando; SOUSA JIMÉNEZ, José.
The redemption of Cam by Modesto Brocos: Illustration of the Brazilian migratory policy at the beginning of the Velha Republic [A redención de Cam de Modesto Brocos: ilustración da política migratoria brasileira nos inicios da República Velha].
After the abolition of slavery in Brazil in 1888 the picture The redemption of Cam (1895) by Modesto Brocos Gómez (Santiago de Compostela, 1852 - Rio de Janeiro, 1936) became the official icon of the Velha Republic for its policy of promoting immigration and whitening the population.
(BRAZIL, CITIES, HISTORICAL DEMOGRAPHY, INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, IMMIGRATION POLICY, GOVERNMENT POLICY, SLAVERY).
Spanish - pp. 113-127.
F. Pereira Bueno, J. Sousa Jiménez, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-15705 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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