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94 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
OF POPULATION GEOGRAPHY
December 1998, Vol. 4, N° 4
99.94.6 - ZELINSKY, Wilbur; LEE, Barrett A.
Heterolocalism: An alternative model of the sociospatial behaviour of immigrant ethnic communities.
This paper evaluates critically the applicability of the well-known assimilation and pluralist models to the contemporary ethnic landscape of the US. The two models, despite their strengths, fail to account satisfactorily for the sociospatial behaviour of recent immigrants or of previously established minority groups. Their deficiencies lead us to propose a third model which we label heterolocalism, which can supplement and partially replace the older two. A late 20th-century phenomenon, heterolocalism is a function of the profound restructuring of the relationships within a globalising society among people, places, and social and economic entities. The term itself refers to recent populations of shared ethnic identity which enter an area from distant sources, then quickly adopt a dispersed pattern of residential location, all the while managing to remain cohesive through a variety of means. Heterolocal situations are readily observed in metropolitan areas, but such ethnic "communities without propinquity" may exist at the regional scale, within nonmetropolitan settings, or -- under the designation of "transnational" -- as something approaching "deterritorialised nations" that span the boundaries of two or more conventional nation-states. Although the most conspicuous heterolocal communities involve the relatively privileged, the model is also valid for certain lower-status groups whose economic survival relies upon movement and transactions over long distances while retaining or creating a sense of peoplehood.
English - pp. 281-298.
W. Zelinsky, Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State University, 317 Walker Building, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A.
(UNITED STATES, IMMIGRATION, METHODOLOGY, POPULATION DISTRIBUTION, ETHNICITY)
99.94.7 - KNIGHTS, Melanie; KING, Russell.
The geography of Bangladeshi migration to Rome.
Few studies, if any, have been made of the regional patterning of the new migration flows into southern Europe. With reference to the Bangladeshi community in Rome, this paper provides some answers to three key geographical questions: what is the migrants' regional pattern of origin in their home country, what are the mechanisms and routes of their migration to Italy; how are they spatially distributed in Rome? The main data source for responding to these research questions is the archive of the Bangladeshi Association in Rome. This is supplemented by questionnaire and other data. Within Rome, Bangladeshis are found to be mainly concentrated in the eastern sector of the city, and to a lesser extent to the south. Within Bangladesh the main origins are Dhaka and adjacent districts to the south and east. Chain migration links specific origins in Bangladesh with spatial clusters and economic activities in Rome; the key here is the role of Bangladeshi community leaders in Rome who act both as migration sponsors and entrepreneurs. The routes between Bangladesh and Rome are rarely direct but involve a complex variety of intermediate stages reflecting the prior evolution of Bangladeshi emigration within the global economy. For this reason the article includes historical background on Bangladeshi emigration since the 1950s.
English - pp. 323-339.
E. Grundy, Centre for Population Studies, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, U.K.
(UNITED KINGDOM, AGED, HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION, INTERNAL MIGRATION, REGIONAL DEMOGRAPHY, HEALTH)
Leaving home in Spain: A regional analysis.
This paper compares regional patterns of leaving home in Spain during the 1970s and 1980s based on analysis of the 1991 Spanish Sociodemographic Survey. The purpose of this analysis is to demonstrate that while nationally Spain is representative of a southern European pattern of leaving home, (i.e. relatively late and closely associated with partnership formation), there is considerable regional variation in timing, incidence and initial destinations on leaving home. These differences are explored using hazard rates of leaving home by destination and birth cohort for 11 Spanish regions. In regions with distinctive patterns which diverge considerably from the Spanish norm, leaving home is closely associated with historical patterns of family and household formation, as identified by family historians. Moreover, the contribution of high rates of unemployment and housing prices, which sociologists have established as the major cause of recent delays in leaving home, varies between these region-specific family systems.
English - pp. 341-360.
C. Holdsworth, Centre for Census and Survey Research, Faculty of Economic and Social Studies, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
Clare.holdsworth@man.ac.uk.
(SPAIN, HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION, REGIONAL DEMOGRAPHY, DEPARTURES, INTERNAL MIGRATION, CHILDREN)
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