DEMOGRAFIE

Czech Republic (Prague) 39

DEMOGRAFIE

1998 - NUMBER 2

99.39.1 - Czech - Libor STLOUKAL

Induced abortions in the Czech Republic under generation view (Umela potratovost v Ceské republice v kohortnim pohledu) (p. 81-92)

Analysis of generation discrepancies of registered abortions on request in the Czech Republic based on the data of registered natural movement between 1960-1995 is the subject of this article. The introductory chapter recapitulates briefly advantages and disadvantages of generation approach towards the study of demographic behaviour. Further, it describes the method of estimation of cohort indicators obtained from the available data on abortions. Detailed analysis of generation differences within age-specific rates of induced abortions for generations born in 1925-1975 is the essence of this work. Considerable part of these differences can be explained by historical evolution of the population policy in the Czech Republic and/or by a differentiated influence of legislative changes on females of a certain age and thus even different years of birth. Apparently, also the further factors, e.g. the inter-generation discrepancies of sexual behaviour, ways of forming the partnership's unions, of the approach towards the parenthood and fertility regulation, etc., played their role. In concluding part there are indicated the problems of investigation of abortive rate cohort aspects to which a prior attention should be payed in the future. (CZECH REPUBLIC, INDUCED ABORTION, COHORT ANALYSIS)

99.39.2 - Czech - Jitka RYCHTARIKOVA

Mortality in the Czech Republic by family status (Umrtnost v Ceské republice podle rodinného stavu) (p. 93-102)

A differential mortality study of marital status and medical causes of death has been made for the period 1982-1993 for the Czech Republic. The method used in the analysis has been multiple indirect standardization (corresponding to intensity hazard regression model) provided within two age groups: 15-69 years and 70 or more years for the following variables: sex, marital status, medical causes of death, five years age groups, and calendar years. Mortality patterns by marital status have shown stronger differences in the first (younger) group and for males. Married people most contributed to the recent decrease in mortality and thus the inequalities in mortality by marital status have widened. The highest mortality level has been observed in the first (younger) group for single people and for divorced and widowed in the second (older) group. The less frequent causes of death i.e. external causes, infectious and respiratory diseases and cirrhosis have displayed high excess mortality relative risks, however circulatory diseases and neoplasms contributed the most to the final gap in mortality between marital statuses in absolute terms. (CZECH REPUBLIC, DIFFERENTIAL MORTALITY, CAUSES OF DEATH, MARITAL STATUS)

99.39.3 - Czech - Felix KOSCHIN

What is the height of the force of mortality on the beginning of human life? (Jak vysoka je intenzita umrtnosti na pocatku lidského zivota?) (p. 103-112)

During several decades the Statistical Office has collected much detailed data on the age of deceased up to 24 hours. These data, however, have apparently never been computed and analyzed. This article described the estimation procedure of the course of mortality force and a definite estimate for generations born in 1990-1995 outlined. From the analyzed data, it is obvious that the data on deceased up to 24 hours are apparently loaded with a systematic error; it is, therefore, given even the procedure of elimination of that error influence. It was much interesting to find out that the structure of infant mortality (i.e. the structure of dead infants by length of life) had not essentially changed during 1990-1995 (since 1984, however, the changes of structure occured), that the mortality force on the very beginning of life is approximately 5 time higher than the mortality force of those hundred-years old, and that the average length of life of deceased infant is about 45 days (as regards given generations of born infants). (CZECH REPUBLIC, INFANT MORTALITY, EARLY NEONATAL MORTALITY, ESTIMATES, QUALITY OF DATA)

99.39.4 - Czech - Mohamed ELHASSAN

Relation among Islam, family, matrimony and fertility (Vztah islamu k rodine, k manzelstvi a k plodnosti) (p. 120-125)

In this article the author tries to determine to which extent the fertility of Moslems has been influenced by their religion and which is the position of Islam among other socioeconomic and cultural factors mutually influencing each other, then determining behaviour of people including family, marriage and human reproduction at all. Strength and position of Moslem family as a social unit is measured by the number of children, especially of boys, children should take care of their parents, mainly when they are old, the use of contraception is useless. Islam is thus against the life without marriage and parenthood is the duty of everybody. Only those financially weak, irresponsible and unable to settle down and bring up children are excused. From the above mentioned facts, it is apparent that Islam as religion stimulates and supports an early marriage and large families which multiply Moslem nation. Having a look into other non-Moslem developing countries we may find out that Islam as a supporter of high fertility doesn't play its role in isolation from other socio-economic factors as cultural values, education, employment of women, their status in society, health services provided for women and their children. The author reviews various means of fighting against tradionally natalist attitude of the Moslems. (ISLAM, FERTILITY DETERMINANTS, HIGH FERTILITY ZONES)

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