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Belgium (Brussels) 38
BEVOLKING EN GEZIN
1997 - NUMBER 2
98.38.10 - Dutch - Peter SIMOENS, Hoger Instituut voor de Arbeid, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven (Belgium)
Political economy of old age as research study-based on the older workers (De politieke economie van de ouderdom als basis voor onderzoek omtrent oudere werknemers) (p. 19-48)
The author gives some considerations concerning the problem of the older workers from a theoretical point of view using the political economy of old age. This theory has been developed in the United States and Great Britain to explain the vulnerable position of elderly and, more specifically, of retirees and early pensioners, and even of older workers who are still functioning on the labour market. Throughout a literature study, the author first gives the essence of the political economy of the elderly, then focus on the way in which the problems of elderly and older workers are formulated. As the political economy of old age is mainly based on Anglo-Saxon experiences, he tries to provide data from the Netherlands. Finally, he complements the theory with elements from the life cycle sociology and ageism. (NETHERLANDS, OLDER WORKERS, ECONOMIC THEORY, OLD AGE)
98.38.11 - Dutch - Christine VAN PEER, Centrum voor Bevolkings- en Gezinsstudie, Markiesstraat 1, 1000 Brussel (Belgium), and Hein MOORS, Nederlands Interdisciplinair Demografisch Instituut, Lange Houtstraat 19, 2502 The Hague (Netherlands)
Young people's knowledge and perceptions of population in Flanders and the Netherlands: A comparison (Kennis en percepties van jongeren over bevolking in Vlaanderen en Nederland) (p. 49-95)
This article reflects the first results of a comparative study among Flemish and Dutch young people on their knowledge of demographic facts and processes and on their views about specific population issues. This survey took place within the framework of a project by the European Observatory for Population Education and Information, in which not only research institutes from Flanders and the Netherlands but also from the Czech Republic, France and Italy were participating. More than half of the pupils in both countries have an insufficient demographic knowledge according to the criteria adopted. Where possible, the results of research are considered in the light of the hypothesis that there is a connection between knowledge and opinions. (NETHERLANDS, BELGIUM, REGIONS, COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS, YOUTH, POPULATION EDUCATION, PUBLIC OPINION)
98.38.12 - Dutch - Marc CALLENS, Centrum voor Bevolkings- en Gezinsstudie, Markiesstraat 1, 1000 Brussels (Belgium)
Labour force participation and third birth in Flanders. Results of Nego-V survey (Arbeidsmarktparticipatie en het derde kind in Vlaanderen. Nego V resultaten) (p. 97-119)
The growth in paid employment among women is often considered an important explanation for the fertility decline in recent decades. However, several studies of the progression to the third birth challenge this popular notion. They do not find any appreciable negative influence from a woman's employment history on her third birth intensity (e.g., Sweden, United Kingdom, Norway). Moreover, some studies reveal that there is a positive relationship between education and fertility (e.g., Sweden, Norway). Moreover, some studies reveal that there is a positive relationship between education and fertility (e.g., Sweden, Norway). Such results contradict human capital accumulation theory. Alternative explanations refer to macro-societal characteristics such as family policy, gender equality and family values.
This paper contains an analysis of individual histories of labour-force participation and third births in the 1991 Family and Fertility Survey in Belgium. It confirms the findings of the earlier 'third birth' - studies in part only. The positive relationship between educational attainment and third births reappears in Belgium as well, but in contrast to the earlier studies, we find considerable influence of the individual employment history on childbearing patterns. (BELGIUM, FEMALE EMPLOYMENT, FERTILITY DETERMINANTS, FAMILY SIZE)
98.38.13 - Dutch - Patrick LUSYNE, Vakgroep bevolkingswetenschappen en sociaal-wetenschappelijke methodologie, Universiteit Gent, St. Pietersnieuwstraat 49, 9000 Gent (Belgium)
The effect of the timing of the first birth on completed fertility (Het effect van de timing van de eerste kind op de gerealiseerde vruchtbaarheid. Leidt uitstel tot afstel ?) (p. 121-151)
The effect of the timing of the first birth is known to bear a negative relationship to completed fertility. In this article this relationship is reanalysed on basis of data from the fifth 'National Fertility and Family Survey' in Flanders. The timing of the first child is conceptually equalized with the first birth interval and the analysis is limited to women. Two questions are being answered: (a) Is there a negative relationship from the first birth interval to completed fertility and (b) Does this relationship remain after controlling for several other factors. These questions are being answered by several multiple classification analyses. These prove that there actually is a negative relationship which remains after controlling for other factors. (BELGIUM, REGIONS, FERTILITY DETERMINANTS, FIRST BIRTH INTERVAL, COMPLETED FERTILITY)
98.38.14 - Dutch - Wilma SMEENK and Wout ULTEE, Vakgroep Sociologie, Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen, Postbus 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen (Netherlands)
First marriage by age of bridge and groom: The Netherlands, 1942-1994 ("Huwende jongmans en jongdochters naar leeftijd bruid en bruidegom": Leeftijdsverhoudingen binnen eerste huwelijken in Nederland, 1942-1994) (p. 153-191)
In this article we examine trends in age homogamy in first marriages in the Netherlands since 1942. Reason for this is the seemingly constant age pattern, where on average husbands marry younger wives. Theories on partner choice - considering growing female earning power, and more individual freedom in choice of partner - typically predict diminishing age differences.
We analyze population data collected by Statistics Netherlands. Controlling for the age distribution of first-marrying men and women, chances are greatest to have married a partner of the same age. These relative chances decrease with rising age at marriage, and increase over historical time. The association between spouses' ages in age-divergent marriages is greater when the husband is older than his wife. This asymmetry in the association decreased until 1970, but increased up until 1994. (NETHERLANDS, FIRST MARRIAGE, AGE AT MARRIAGE, DEVIATION)
98.38.15 - English - Kalev KATUS, Allan PUUR, Asta POLDMA and Luule SAKKEUS, Estonian Interuniversity Population Research Centre, P.O. Box 3012, Tallin EE-0090 (Estonia)
Demographic development in Estonia (p. 193-213)
Estonia experienced a relative early demographic transition. Currently the country is in the midst of the state to market transition which imbalances not only the economic development but also demographic trends. As in other transition countries major challenges wait for solutions. The article gives a short overview of recent shifts in the Estonian fertility, mortality, nuptiality and migration trends. (ESTONIA, POPULATION SITUATION)
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