ASIA-PACIFIC POPULATION JOURNAL

Thailand (Bangkok) 85

MARCH 1996 - VOLUME 11, NUMBER 1

97.85.1 - English - Arvind V. ZODGEKAR

Family welfare programme and population stabilization strategies in India (p. 3-24)

After tracing the development of the world's oldest family planning programme, the article describes some of the achievements and weaknesses of the related policies and programmes that were in force until the drafting of a new policy during this decade. It concludes with a number of recommendations that if implemented would make the programme sustainable over the long term. (INDIA, FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMMES, POPULATION POLICY, SOCIAL POLICY)

97.85.2 - English - Abdur RAZZAQUE

Reproductive preferences in Matlab, Bangladesh: Levels, motivation and differentials (p. 25-44)

This article examines whether reproductive preferences and the motivation behind the preferences are similar in two areas of Bangladesh; it also attempts to determine whether reproductive preferences vary by sociodemographic subgroups. In both areas, mean desired family size was found to be slightly over three children and women said that they preferred to have two sons. Also, it found that the economic cost of children and knowledge of family planning were mainly responsible for the small family size desire. The article draws out a number of implications for policy and programme purposes. (BANGLADESH, REGIONS, DESIRED FAMILY SIZE, FERTILITY DETERMINANTS)

97.85.3 - English - S. R. KHAN, A. M. R. CHOWDHURY, S. M. AHMED and A. BHUIYA

Women's education and employment: Matlab experience (p. 45-52)

This study attempts to assess women's educational impact on their employment activities and some other selected background characteristics. For this, the BRAC-ICDDR,B baseline survey data set, which was collected in 1992, was used in the analysis. The bivariate analysis demonstrated clearly the relative importance of education, which was positive and significant, on such characteristics as contraceptive use, number of living children, amount 200 of savings and loans, hygiene practice and employment activity. The multivariate logit analysis revealed that generally a woman was more likely to be engaged in wage-earning activity if she had some level of education; the higher the level, the more likely that she would be employed. It also found that women's employment is closely related to their savings. The baseline results suggest that BRAC's socioeconomic intervention of education and credit to Matlab people would be able to effect favourably their lives. (BANGLADESH, WOMEN'S STATUS, FEMALE EMPLOYMENT, EDUCATION OF WOMEN, SAVINGS)

JUNE 1996 - VOLUME 11, NUMBER 2

97.85.4 - English - Truong Si ANH, Patrick GUBRY, Vu Thi HONG and Jerrold W. HUGUET

Migration and employment in Ho Chi Minh City (p. 3-22)

Data obtained from a 1994 survey of migrants to Ho Chi Minh City form the basis for this study. The analysis finds that, following the Government's economic liberalization policies since 1986, the City's growth rate between 1989 and 1994 was 3.5 per cent annually, with the rate of natural increase being about 1.6 per cent and that of migration 1.9 per cent annually. Migration since 1989 has been concentrated in the age group 15-29 and is composed of a greater proportion of females than previously. More of recent migrants are single and have moved to attend school. Among females, there has been an increase in the proportion migrating for economic reasons. The article concludes with a number of recommendations for policy purposes. (VIET NAM, CITIES, INTERNAL MIGRATION)

97.85.5 - English - Jean-Louis RALLU, INED, 27 rue du Commandeur, 75014 Paris (France)

Recent trends in international migration and economic development in the South Pacific (p. 23-46)

Migration from a number of countries and territories in the South Pacific was high in the second half of the 1980s, but has declined since 1990 owing to changes in the economic situation and the migration policies of host countries. Even though unemployment among islander migrants shot up to high levels in Australia and New Zealand during the aforementioned period in the 1980s, island societies have continued to encourage migration including "brain drain" for the purpose of promoting remittances, one of their two major external sources of foreign exchange, the other being international aid. The article concludes that sustainable development for the island societies cannot be based on the migration of unskilled workers. Among the several recommendations it makes is one calling for upgrading the quality of primary and secondary universal education; another is the provision of equal opportunity employment, without regard to gender, and social and ethnic origins. (OCEANIA, EMIGRATION, BRAIN DRAIN, REMITTANCES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT)

97.85.6 - English - A. T. P. L. ABEYKOON

Demographic implications of health care in Sri Lanka (p. 47-58)

Population projections for Sri Lanka for the next 25 years show that the ageing process will gradually gather momentum. By 2020, the country will experience South Asia's most rapid population ageing. This phenomenon will demand that a higher proportion of financial and human resources be allocated for health care services in the coming decades. The article makes a number of recommendations for policy and programme purposes in this regard. (SRI LANKA, DEMOGRAPHIC AGEING, POPULATION PROJECTIONS, PUBLIC HEALTH)

SEPTEMBER 1996 - VOLUME 11, NUMBER 3

97.85.7 - English - Shyam THAPA, Devendra CHHETRY and Ram H. ARYAL

Poverty, literacy and child labour in Nepal: A district-level analysis (p. 3-14)

This article estimates the prevalence of child labour in the 75 districts of Nepal and then analyses the relationship of poverty and literacy on the prevalence of child labour, focusing particularly on gender differences. Results show that districts with a higher incidence of poverty are associated with a higher percentage of children working, and districts with a lower percentage of literates are associated with a significantly higher level of child labour. Female children are more strongly affected by the poverty situation than males. The analysis suggests that intervention programmes aimed at reducing child labour need to focus on both reducing poverty and increasing literacy. (NEPAL, CHILD LABOUR, POVERTY, ILLITERACY, SEX DIFFERENTIALS)

97.85.8 - English - Nashid KAMAL and Andrew SLOGGETT

The effect of female family planning workers on the use of modern contraception in Bangladesh (p. 15-26)

This article investigates the effects of female family planning workers on the use of modern contraception in Bangladesh. It finds that a recent visit by a family planning worker increases the odds of a client being a user of modern reversible methods almost eight-fold in rural areas and 2.5 times in urban areas. However, the reverse is the case with sterilization; contact with NGOs is the most important predictor of sterilization. The article, which provides reasons for these phenomena, draws out a number of implications for policy and programme purposes, and provides a set of recommendations to further the countrys on-going fertility decline. (BANGLADESH, FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMMES, CONTRACEPTIVE USAGE, CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS, SEXUAL STERILIZATION)

97.85.9 - English - M. Mazharul ISLAM and Mamun MAHMUD

Marriage patterns and some issues related to adolescent marriage in Bangladesh (p. 27-42)

This study examines the marriage patterns of adolescents and some socioeconomic and behavioural characteristics of married adolescents in Bangladesh. It analyses factors associated with adolescent marriage and draws out important policy implications ranging from redesigning the education system and its curricula to measures to create more employment opportunities for young women. (BANGLADESH, ADOLESCENTS, NUPTIALITY)

DECEMBER 1996 - VOLUME 11, NUMBER 4

97.85.10 - English - Rafiqul Huda CHAUDHURY, UNFPA Country Support Team for Central and South Asia

A socio-demographic profile of the population of Maldives (p. 3-26)

Although small in terms of population and land area, the Republic of Maldives faces several population problems, chief of which is rapid population growth, i.e. 3.5 per cent per annum. Based on data from the 1985 and 1990 population and housing censuses, this article provides a thorough examination of those population issues. It concludes by drawing out some of the implications of the population situation for policy purposes.(MALDIVES, DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES, POPULATION GROWTH)

97.85.11 - English - Ricardo F. NEUPERT, Demography Programme, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra (Australia)

Population and the pastoral economy in Mongolia (p. 27-46)

Despite the radical economic, social and political changes that Mongolia has experienced in recent years, nomadic pastoralism remains the country's main economic activity. This article examines the relationship between that activity and the low population density existing in rural areas. It also discusses the impact on the pastoral economy of the aforementioned changes. It concludes with an analysis of the policy implications of these events and proposes a framework for possible interventions. (MONGOLIA, TRANSITIONAL SOCIETY, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, NOMADISM, ECONOMIC DEMOGRAPHY)

97.85.12 - English - Joseph L. AGUETTANT, ESCAP Population Division

Impact of population registration on hilltribe development in Thailand (p. 47-72)

Ethnic minority groups traditionally live on the fringes of society, but in Thailand an increasing number of them are attempting to enter the mainstream of society. This article reviews the past and current picture of development policy for the hilltribes and concludes by drawing out some of the implications for policy and programme purposes. (THAILAND, ETHNIC MINORITIES, DEVELOPMENT POLICY, INTEGRATION, POPULATION REGISTERS)

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