Back to home page1993 - XXXVITH YEAR, VOLUME 1
93.47.01 - Hungarian - Arpad MESZAROS
Summary Review of the Results of the 1990 Population and Housing Census. II (p. 51-68)
1990 census data relating to the family and households reveal trends which are largely regrettable. The long-standing decline in the proportion of family households accelerated during the 1980s while there was a simultaneous natural increase in the number and proportion of single-person households. This phenomenon is partly due to unfavourable population trends and partly to the statistical analysis of the data on the resident population. Although the number of families and persons living in a family only decreased by 4 to 5%, the proportion of single-parent families was at its highest level since 1949. And yet, it is a cause for celebration that the average family size has ceased to decline. Over a ten-year period, the housing situation has considerably improved. While the increase in the housing stock is not as strong as it was between 1960 and 1980, the construction of multiple-roomed accommodation with every amenity has become general during the 1980s, in the same way as there has been a size increase and modernisation of small and old accommodation. The improved housing quality is particularly noticeable in rural environments. (HUNGARY, CENSUS DATA, HOUSEHOLD SIZE, HOUSING CONDITIONS)
93.47.02 - Hungarian - Emil VALKOVICS, Maros-u. 27 V. 2, 1122 Budapest (Hungary)
Different Possibilities of Using of an Indirect Procedure of Modelling in Demography (p. 69-98)
The author presents a new procedure of indirect modelling to represent the increase or decrease in certain population variables. In order to launch this procedure, the observed data must first be transformed and adjusted, using a fourth-order orthogonal polynomial. The application of the method is described in detail in four examples: the survival function of a life table; the cumulated values of age-specific general fertility; age-specific marital fertility; and the distribution of the females in a marriage generation by the number of children they have borne, an estimate of their probabilities of increase and the distribution of the children by birth order. This technique cannot be used, however, in the study of the decrease in the number of single, widowed and divorced people in a nuptiality table, nor for the decrease in the number of mothers who have not yet had their child of i+1 order in the birth order-specific fertility tables. But the precision of the results obtained using the model suggest that it could be useful to obtain forecasts. (MATHEMATICAL DEMOGRAPHY, MATHEMATICAL MODELS)
1993 - XXXVITH YEAR, VOLUME 2-3
93.47.03 - Hungarian - Jenö VARALLJAI CSOCSAN
Parity Progression Ratios in East-Central and in South-East Europe (p. 238-278)
The data available in Eastern and Central Europe and in South-Eastern Europe do not permit the direct calculation of parity progression ratios. Indirect methods developed by Louis Henry must therefore be used. The author first studies the possibilities and the problems which are characteristic of the countries in question, mainly Hungary and East Germany, with regard to a detailed analysis of fertility. The series of parity progression ratios estimated indirectly permit a classification of the countries into three categories: the Albanian type, where the probabilities decrease more or less regularly with increased order; the Adriatic type, where the first two are very high and the following are much lower; and an intermediary type which is quite heterogeneous. The author then studies to what extent the various progression ratios are an echo of the trends in population policies which are supposed to affect the fertility in various countries. It would appear that the fertility response to a change in policy has been spectacular, but never long-lasting. The author concludes that the population policies of Europe's Marxist regimes have not been successful in maintaining or increasing fertility to above the generation replacement level. (EASTERN EUROPE, SOUTHERN EUROPE, FERTILITY TRENDS, PARITY PROGRESSION RATIO)
1993 - XXXVITH YEAR, VOLUME 4
93.47.04 - Hungarian - Andras KLINGER, V. Nephadsereg-utca 4, 1505 Budapest (Hungary)
Statistics on Ethnicity in Europe and in Hungary (p. 396-417)
(HUNGARY, EUROPE, ETHNIC COMPOSITION)
93.47.05 - Hungarian - Istvan VAVRO
Crimes Against the Institution of Marriage and Family, Against Juveniles and Against Sexual Morals, and Their Legal Consequences (p. 418-426)
(JUSTICE, ETHICS)
93.47.06 - Hungarian - Tamas TAHIN, Sara JEGES and Andras CSANAKY
Demographic and Social Factors Influencing Health Status and the Likelihood of Medical Consultations (p. 427-453)
The authors undertook an exploratory study on the determinants of the differences in health status and the probability of consulting a doctor, amongst males and females of economically active age and in various contexts. A survey on a representative sample of urban and rural population enabled an interrogation of 1,649 males and 1,759 females aged between 20 and 59. The health indicators chosen were: self-evaluation of health status; the number of days of inactivity due to illness or accident during the previous twelve months; and the number of medical consultations during the previous twelve months. The differentiation factors are: sex, age, marital status, the number of children in the family; social class; and place of residence. The study shows that gender is a highly discriminating factor with regard to health: females are more health-conscious than males, have more days of inactivity and visit their doctor more often. Age also introduces considerable differences which decline in the higher social classes. The article describes some of the interrelations between the various determinants. (HUNGARY, HEALTH CONDITIONS, SEX DIFFERENTIALS, SOCIAL DIFFERENTIATION)
93.47.07 - Hungarian - Sandor ILLES
Migrating Units Among Those Moving into the Town Paszto (p. 454-463)
The author summarises the preliminary results of a survey undertaken in Paszto from January 1st to December 31st, 1989. According to him, a "migrating unit" is a group of people who undertake the same migration at the same time, that is, in most cases, a single person or a family. Almost two-thirds of migrant families contain children which indicates that the presence of a child or children in a family can be a factor leading to migration. The author notes that families of either one or three children are more mobile than those with two children and that, contrary to common belief, single people (without families) are hardly mobile at all. (HUNGARY, INTERNAL IMMIGRATION, FAMILY SIZE, MIGRATION DETERMINANTS)
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