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 Inde (New Delhi)

SOCIAL ACTION

APRIL-JUNE 1992 - VOLUME 42, NUMBER 2
93.20.01 - English - G. Peter PENZ, Faculty of Environmental Studies, York 
University, Ontario (Canada)
Colonisation of Tribal Lands in Indonesia: State Rationales, Rights to Land and Environmental 
Justice (p. 139-159)
In the present paper, the author studies the transmigration policy of Indonesia. Its main objective 
is to transfer around five million people from the overpopulated island of Java to the tribal lands 
of Papua and other smaller islands. The justification given for this UN and World Bank sponsored 
project is that these islands are underpopulated. The author studies the implications of the policy 
for indigenous populations who are being exploited and subordinated because of this. He ends with 
the ethical arguments given and analyses them from the point of view of the tribals. (INDONESIA, 
POLYNESIA, INTERNAL MIGRATION, ETHICS)
93.20.02 - English - Teshome Toga CHANAKA, Senior Research Officer and Rafiqul 
Huda CHAUDHURY, UN Adviser in Demography, Population Analysis and Studies Centre, Central 
Statistical Authority, Addis Ababa (Ethiopia)
Child Survival and Fertility Performance in Rural Ethiopia: Is There any Relationship? (p. 170-191)
It is assumed that overpopulation is the main, if not the only, obstacle to progress and the authors 
analyse the population policies of Ethiopia from the point of view of mothers who have lost children 
and see whether the new births are meant to compensate. The study looks at the records of all the 
provinces of Ethiopia which would indicate a link between poverty, malnutrition and child mortality 
on the one hand, and fertility on the other. Hence, efforts have to be combined to solve the problem 
of poverty and unequal distribution. Only then can any population policy succeed. (ETHIOPIA, INFANT 
MORTALITY, FERTILITY, POPULATION POLICY)
JULY-SEPTEMBER 1992 - VOLUME 42, NUMBER 3
93.20.03 - English - Shalini D'SOUZA, Programme Director, Women's Development, 
Indian Social Institute, New Delhi (India)
The Amnesty Report, Human Rights and North-South Relations (p. 271-285)
Recently, Amnesty International has published a report on deaths and rape in police custody in 
India. Analysing the report, the author states that most of those who suffer are the poor and, as 
such, the socio-economic aspects of torture have to be studied more carefully. The author analyses 
the reaction to the report from various sectors such as the Government, the Press, political leaders 
and human rights activists and says that official circles try to evade the issue. On the other hand, 
the rich countries that support violation of human rights elsewhere are today using protection of 
human rights as one more tool to control the South by linking foreign aid to it. The author states 
that this is unacceptable and that the poor will thus be made one more tool in the effort of the 
North to dominate the South. (INDIA, VIOLENCE, RAPE, LAW)
93.20.04 - English - Praful BIDWAI, "The Times of India", New Delhi (India)
Sardar Sarovar and the Morse Report: A Damning Indictment (p. 316-327)
Commenting on the Independent Review commissioned by the World Bank, the author argues that the 
Narmada project authorities are not merely uprooting the tribals and brutalising peasants, but are 
offending human rights. The wrong may not be rectified easily. He studies the social cost of the 
project, particularly from the point of view of the tribals and asks whether the World Bank itself 
has been sincere in its approach to the project. There has been double talk on the part of the 
Government of India and the World Bank has never dealt with this. Instead, it has thought of the 
project only from the financial point of view. The people who suffer have been ignored. (INDIA, 
WORLD BANK, INTERNAL MIGRATION, HUMAN RIGHTS)
OCTOBER-DECEMBER 1992 - VOLUME 42, NUMBER 4
93.20.05 - English - P.H. RAYAPPA, Population Research Centre, Institute for 
Social and Economic Change, Bangalore (India)
The Right to Work: The 1990 Proposal and the 1991 Economic Policy (p. 361-375)
In 1990, the Government of India suggested that the right to work be made a fundamental right. The 
author discusses this suggestion by looking at the enormity of the problem and its implications for 
various categories of the population. He then studies the proposal to make it a fundamental right 
and analyses its financial implications as well as administrative aspects. He asks whether the 
suggestion is practical and, if it has to be implemented, whether the approach suggested is 
acceptable. (INDIA, EMPLOYMENT POLICY)
93.20.06 - English - Ilian SEN, Rupantar, Raipur, Madhya Pradesh (India)
Mechanization and the Working Class Women (p. 391-400)
In this article, employment is looked at mainly from the point of view of the implications of 
mechanization for women. The reduction of the female workforce in the textile industry after 
mechanization is resorted to in all industries. The author then analyses the action taken by the 
mine workers of Chattisgarh in Eastern India to prevent mechanization while increasing productivity. 
The role of women is analysed in this context. (INDIA, MECHANIZATION, FEMALE EMPLOYMENT)

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